bullock



5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. BULLOOK. PRINTING PRESS.

No. 38,200. Patented Apr. 14, T1863 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. BULLOCK, l

PRINTING PRESS.

' No. 38,200. Patented Apr. 14, 186s.

y f iiln 5 Sheets-Sheet 3. W. BULLOCK.

PRINTING PRESS. l

No. 38,200. PatentedApr. 14, 1863.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. BULLOGK. PRINTING PRESS.

Patented Apr. 14, 1863.

W' BULLOCK. 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

PRlNTING PRESS.

.'No. 38,200. PatentedApr. 14, 1863.

VfL.. al.. @i JZY and form part of this specilication, and which UNITED .STATES PATENT' OFFICE.

WILLIAM BULLOCLOF PIrrsBURG, PENNSYLVANIA., AssieNon r.ro VHIM- sntr, CALVIN ADAMS, AND eno. s. sntnns, or SAME PLACE.

PRINTING-MACHINE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,200, dated April-d4, 1863'.

` To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BULLOCK, of Pittsburg, in the county 4of Alleghenyy and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usel'ul Improvements in Printing` Machines; and Ido hereby declare that the 4followin g is a full. clear, and exact description delivered from the machine thus perfected.

In power printing-machines the chief objects 'to be attained, besides simplicity of'construction and neatnessapd regularityot execution, are the perfecting ot' the sheets, or print,- ing them-on both sides, `without the aid ot' two machines, and this by passing` them once only through the press, and the attainment ot' the highest degree of speed in the operai ion. The former result--that is, thc reiteration ofthe sheet o'n the same machine at one operation and without any intermediate manipul ttion-has been accomplished bythe use of two or more type-cylinders and of complicated machinery for inking the' forms and turning the sheet; but the rapidity of execution is necessarily limited by the-speed with -whichthe blank 'paper can be fed in and the printed sheets delivered from the machine, so tha-t for want of an apparatus capable of dclivering the sheets as fast as they can be printed in the most approved machines now in use where a'high speed is attained the delivery is accomplished by the use of'several distinct delivery apparatuses involving the employment of a. number ot hands. ln my machine, however, there is but onedelivery apparatus, which is simple in construction and works as rapidlyas the machine can be driven and the sheets printed, so that by my invention the great obstacle to the rapid operation of the printin g-press is successfully overcome.Y

'In more particularly describing myinvein tion so as to enable thoseskilled in the art to make and use my improved machine, I desire torefer to the drawings which accompany comprise fourteen figures, marked Nos. l to ]4, consccutively,in each of which like letters of reference .are employed to designate -t-he same parts'ot the machine; butin Figures l. to 4, in order to avoid confusion, several ot the minor parts of the machinery are not lettered, although shown in the drawings.

Fig. l' is a perspective representation ot'my improved priming machine, viewed 'from thel front end and left-hand side thereof. Fig` 2 is a side elevation ot' my printinganachine from the left-hand side. Fig. 3 is a side.ele vation of my printingmachine from the righthand side thereof'. Fig. 4 is -a longitudinal sectional elevation of my machine viewed from the right-hand side, the frame-work be ing,r lel't out so as to exhibit more clearly the relative position and operation ot' the parts. Fig. 5 1s an enlarged sectional relnesentation of the type-cylinders, showing, also, the arrangement and relative position and operation ofthe grippers on the cutting` and impression cylinders, and the cams by which they arel worked, and the relative position and operation ot' the delivering` appara-tus. Fig. 6 is a sectional representation of 4the cuttingcylindersin the relative position which they occupy 'when severing a sheet ot' paper from the roll. `Fig. 7 -is a sectional view of the small cutting-cylinder and the largo cutting` cylinder, exhibitingthe position 'ot' the parts immediatelyafter a lsheet ot' pape-r has been cut from4 the roll, and showing themanner in which the sheath ot` the cutter presses the loose end of the paper against the large cutting-cy1inder so as to insure its being caught by the grippers as they close.. Fig. S is a perspective representation ofthe upper and lower cutters detached from the cutting-cylinders. Fig. 9 is a side view of one of the typecylinders, and Fig. 10 is alongitudinal section of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a perspective representation of the 'iiy apparatus for delivering -the printed sheets, with the ily-rods raised and the curved fingers for holding the sheets lowered. Fig. 12 is a similar view to Fig. 11, showing the position-of the parts when 'the y-rods are down` and the curved. fingers raised. Fig.'13 is an enlarged representation of the mechanism lor' shifting the delivering' table so as to separate the sheets ,into piles of equal number. Fig. 14 shows the mode of communicating the intern'xitting vibratory In the drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 exhibit one side ofthe machine, which, for the sake of distinction, I call the "lett'handl side, while Figs. 3 and 4 show the opposite or right-hand side." 'lheend otthe .machine which is near` vest to the e'ye in Fig. l I call the front or discharging end, being; that at which the printed sheets are delivered from the press. The other end I call the rear or receiving end, being that at which is situate the paperfeeding apparatus. i

In the drawing, AA is the frame 4of 'the machine, which is made of'iron, and has parallel sides supporting the various shafts and cylinders of, the press,which are placed horizontally hetweenthem. A The upper part of the frame, at the f ront end, is horizontal, and is raised alittle above the rear end. Near to the center of the machine is situate-the large inipression-cylinder C, which is two or more times the diameter of the typefcylinders D D', to which are attached the stereotype-plates, or forms of type, as the case may be.

' In the drawings the large or second impressioncylinder, U, is three times the diameter of the type-cylinders D D', and the machine' therefore prints three sheets ot' paper at each revol nl ion.

B is the first impression-cyliuder, the diameter of which is equal to that ot' the tirst type cylinder, D, with which it revolves i'n rolling contact to the face of the type or stereotypeplates fixed thereon.

G is the ink-'distrilmting cylinder, which supplies ink to the form rollers J J, placed between it and the first t vpc-cylinder, D. 'lll second impressioncylinder, C, revolves in rolling contact with the face of the type or stere-` otype-plates 'on the second type cylinder, D'.

VUr is the ink-distributing roller, which inks the lortu-rollers J J of the second type-cylin der, D'. Beneath each inkfistributing roller G and G' is an -inking apparatus, consisting ot' an ink-fountain, K, a fountain-roller, L, and ductor-roller N. i

They paper is s upplied to the machine `from a. continuous roll., b', which rests aga-inst andis unwonnd by a feed-roller, E.- V'lhe feedroller .E-is also one ot' the cutting-cylinders, which, with the other cutting-cylinder, F, by means of a serrated cutter, cuts'ot from the web sheets of paper of the required uniform size. In front ot' the second or large impression-cylinderare the delivering and counting j apparatuses, by which the sheets are automatieally delivered from the machine as fast as printed, laid'in piles, and counted.' The cylindersB, C, D, D', G, G', and E are hollow, and their lengths and diameters vary in different machines, according to the required capacity of thepress, their length determining the width Fig. 3. The gearingand pulleys tocomlnnnie-ate motion to the parts areattached to the shafts which they drive, and are placed outside. of the fra me.

Before. explaining more minutely the con' struction -and opera-t ion of the principal parts of the press I willdescribe their relative mot-ion, and how it is tlerived. 0n the shaft ot' thelarge'impression-cylinder Grat the opposite extremity from. that on whichis placed the pulley a)-is a large cog-wheel, W, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) which gears into a small cogwheel, zo, which is lfixed on the end ot the first impression-cylinder, B, placed vertically' over the second or large impression-cylinder, U. Tae cog-wheel w gears into a cog-wheel, uf', at the extremity of the shaft of the first typecylinder, 1), placed in front ot'it. The axis of the two cylinders D an'l E may bein the same horizontal pla-ne. In the rea-cof the large.impression-cylinder U, and below the cuttingcylimlers, is the second type cylinder,

D, which carries on its shaft'a cog-\vheel, w,

gearing into the cog-wheel W, on the large implessieu-cylinder C. The smallctig-wheels w, w', and te* are all' of the salue diameter, being onethird of that of thevlarge cog-wheel W, and consequently all revolve at the same speed, or thrice as fast as the large cog-wheel W. 'lhe inlmlistribnling cylinders G and G' have eaclr a cog-wheel, fc5, which gears into an idler, .'r, interposed between it and cogwheels w and 104,011 the shaft ot' the type-l cylinoers D and D', respectively. All the cog-wheels already described are situate in the same vertical plane. Un the shaft of the rstimprcssion cylinder, B, on the ri, rhtha ndside of the machine, is avcog-wheel, y, (which takes into a large toothed wheel, y', ot' twice the diameter of the cog-wheel y,) tixedto the end of theshaft ofthe large cutting-cylinder E, which causes the cutting-cylinder Eto revolve once for two revolutions of the tiistimpressioncylinder, B. This gearing is placed on the right-hand side ot'. the machine, while the rest of'the gearing is on the other side, because the large cutting-cylinder E is not quite twice the diameter ot the' first impressioncylinder, for the reason`hereinafterfexplanted, and the small cutting-cylinder F is one-half the diameter ot' the large cutting cylinder E. At the other eind of the shaft ot `the large cutting cylinder E, on the leftfhand side of the machine, is a large toothed wheel,. u2, which gearsi nto a small cogwheel,w3,(ot` lialt the diameter of the wheel 102,) at the end of the shaftof the Hsmall .cutting cylinder F,

so as tocause it to revolve twice for each revo lution of the large cutting-cylinder E. .The cog-wheel wz, ontbe large cuttingcylinder E, does not take into the cog-wheel w on the first impressioncylinder, B. Immediately beneath thesmall cutting-cylinder F, at the base of the standards c c, which support it in the fra-me A, is a shaft, d, placed horizontally across the machine, and turning freely-in bearings in the standards c c. Near to each end of the shaft d, and rigidly attached toit, are two arms, e e, which are cur ved upward and forward over the small cutting-cylinder F, as seen in Fig. 3. In a slot in an extremity of each ot' the arms e e is placed the axis ofthe' wooden spool b, around which is wound the roll of printingpaperb, wh ich is to he fed into the machine. The spool b turns freely on the rod which forms its shaft or axis, -the ends of which` also turn in slotted bearings at the extremitiy of the arms e e, so that there shallbe no obstruction to the free unwinding of 'the paper. As the extremity if the arms e e, carrying the'spool o f paper b', when in the position shown in Fig. 3, extend considerably forward ofthe shaft d, to which they are attached, 'the spool of paper will rest against the 'surface f the large cutting-cylinder E, which serves as a feed-roller, and thus prevents the spool unwinding more rapidly than it is caused to do by the rotation of the cylinder E, over which it passes, the paper being wound on its spool lin onel continuous web or'sheet. If the roll of paper is large and heavy, its weight, pressing against the large cuttingcylinder E, which operates as a feed-roller, would he greater'than necessary to secure the requisite degree of pressure to keep the paper 'tight-as 'it is unwound from the spool, and the consequence will be that the paper will unwind.`on as well as ofi the spool, and thus become loose around it.-. The arrangement hereinbefore described ot'attach-y ing thearmse e, which carry the spool of paperb to the shaft d, below and only a little'in the rear of the cylinderE, on' which the spool rests, not only relieves the cylinder E ot' muchof the weight of the roll of paper, but also performs `the very important purpose of preserving Va uniform degree of pressure as the r'oll of paper diminishes in size and weight. lt.is obvious that the more the axis of the spool of paper is inclined from a vertical position' to the shaft d thegrcater will be the proportion of its' weight borne by the cuttingcylinder E and the less by .the shaft d. As the paper is unwound 4fr oiuthe roll its diameter is gradually diminished -and its weightis proportimially reduced, andas it is leaning against the cutting-cylinder E, the angle of inclination from a i-'ertical'p'bsition is increased as the axis of the spool approaches nearer to the periphery of the cutting-cylinder. Thus, although the actual weight of the roll ot' pa per is gradually diminished, the proportionate amount of the-weight borne'by the cylinder is gradually increased, so that the actual pressure ou the cylinder remains very nearly if not quite the same when the spool is full as when it is nearly empty. It', therefore, such a degree of pressure of the spool of paper against the large cuttingcylinder or feed-l roller E as will cause it to feed regularly, without loosening the paper on the spool, is secured when the spool is placed on the machine, it will thereafter require no further adjustment. 'lo eii'ect this adjustment I extend from the shaft d a leven?, which is rigidly attached thereto. ()n this lever or arm f is a weight, g, which may be slid backward and forward and fastened at any desired point on the lever f. ".lhe weight g thus serves as a counterlbalance to the roll of paper, and by it the pressure of the roll ot' paper on the feedroller or cylinder E may be so adjusted as that it will unwind from the spool by the motion of itsfeed-roller at each revolution thereof a length ot' paper exactly equal to the pe riphery ot the feed-roller or large cuttingcylinder E, without loosening-the paper r'emaining on the spool.

The sizeof the separate sheets of paper printed -on the machine is regulated by the periphery of the larger cutting-cylinder E, which serves as a feed-roller, as just stated, and which, in the machine shownin the drawings, severs from the web two sheets of equal size at'eachrevolution. As the periphery of the first impression-cylinder, B, is more than half that of the large cu tting-cylinder E, each sheet does not entirely surround the first mpression-cylinder, B, vthedifference being equal v to the space desired to be left between the edge of the several sheets in their passage through the machine. The paper, being thus fed 'in by the positive motioxf of the large cuttingcylinder E, passes downward in the direction ot thearrow in Fig. 5, lying closev to the surface ofthe cylinder E until it is severed by the blade of the cutter in the small cuttingcylinder F, as hereinafter described, when the loose end of the web from which a sheet has been cutis immediately seized by the grippers or curved lingers h h in the large cutting-cylinder E, by which it is held until it is severed from the web, when it.re`aches the first impression-cylinder, 4B, the grippers on which seize it and carry i't-forward. 0n the large cutting-cylinder' E, whose diameter is twice that otthc small cutting-cylinder F, and the periphery of which is equal in length to two sheets of paper to be. printed o' the machine, there are two sets of grippc h, which are placed diametrically opposite to eachother, and the construction and operation of which will be presently described. The large cutting-cylinder E has also two sets of female cutters, also placed diametrically opposite to each other, and in such relative position to the grippers h that when the grippers are closed they'pass over the female cutter, holding fast thc forward end of the paper which is being fed into the machine, and from .which a sheet has been severed. l The female cutters are set in such position that in the revolution of themachine each will in turn coincide with' the male cutter on the small cuttingcylinder F, to rsever a sheet; and the two sets of grippers are so placed, relatively to the grippers on the first impression-cylinder, lB, that'they will each in turn coincide with-the single set of grippers on the first impression-cylinder, B. As the large cuttingcylinder E revolves with4 the roll of paper resting against it, it unwinds the paper onto itself, which, passing down between the two cutting-cylinders Efand F, is cut ol when the length of a single sheet has passed between them; then immediately the grippersin front ofthe female cutter sezethe forward end of the paper, carrying it round until they reach the grppers on the lirst impression-cylinder,

13, which seize the sheet just as the grippers on the cutting-cylinder E release it, and carry those in the upper cutting-cylinder, E, are

used also inthe two impression-cylinders B and C' for the purpose of seizing the paper at the right time and carrying it forward through the machine,and in each case are similarly consi ructed. They are rigidly attached at intervals to rods k, which are placedjhorizontall y below 'the surface ofthe hollow cylinders B, C, and E.'

Their construction and arrangement is shown in Fig. 6. The surface of the cylinders is intermitted where they occur, to allow them to retire inside the cylinder. The extremity of each of the grippers rests on a pad, i, (see Fig. 4,) so as to hold the paper firmly. The gripper-rod has a crankrat one end, projecting from the-end of the cylinder, on which crank is a small roller, j, (see Fig. 5,) which, as the cylinder revolves, works between cam-guides l, 'attached to the frame of the machine, thus opening or closing the grippers at the right point of time. A spring, s, has on its free end a small roller, which enters a groove in a shoulder or projection on the gripper-shaft in each set, and serves to retain the grippers open or closed until moved by the cam and crank. l

Fig. 5 serves to illustrate the operation of .the grippers on the cylinders B, C, and E, as

effected by the cam-guides, the arrows indicating the direction in which these cylinders revolve, the dotted lines the path of the roller at=the end of the crank of each ot' the gripperrods, and the blue lines the sheets of paper as they are seized, held, and carried round by the grippers.

In Fig. 5 each of the grippers marked h i2 is closed, and has hold of a sheet of paper, and

the grippers h are open, having released the paper. The grippers Il on the large cutting. cylinder E (see Fig. 5) close, and seize the looseend of the paper at the moment when the. cam-roller j has passed ictween the camvv"l p 38,200

'guides ll, and hold it, carrying it round until the edge of the paper held by the grippers k comes within reach of thegrippers h2 on the :first impression-cylinder, B,-which takes place Whentliecam-rollerj on the gripper It passes through the cam-guides l?, at which moment the grippers on the upper cutting-cylinder release the paper, and those en the first impression-cylinder seize it, carrying it round, as shown in Fig. 5, in front of, and in rolling contact with', the first type-cylinder, D, by whichthe sheet 'is printed in white, or on 'one side only. .So soon as the length of'paper drawn-forward by the cylinders -E and B is equal to the required length of sheet, it is severed from the roll bythe cutters in the cutting-cylinders E and F. One ofthe cuttingcylinders, it matters'not which, carries a steel blade, m, (see Figs. 7 and 8,) which has serrated edges, and which is fastened toa back plate, In. Parallel to the back plate,-and attached thereto by pins p and springs q, is a faceplate, r, composed of two strips, which slide up and down on the pins .p p on either side of the serrated cutter, and which, when raised by the springs q q, inclose the edge'ot' the cutter. between them. The steel blade, with its shield or face-plate, is setlineither of the cuttingcylinders,(n'the drawings'it is placed in the small cylinder F,) so that the edge of the cutter shall project beyond txe periphery of the cutting-cylinder and enter a grooved plate, t, set in the other cutting-cyli1-- der in a proper relative position to the"blade of the cutter. On'either side of the groove in the plate t is a strip' of india-rubber cloth,ui or other similar substance, between which'and' the face-plate, on either side of the cutter m, the paper may be held while the cutter enters it to sever the sheet. When, in the revolution of the cutting-cylinders, the sheath orfaceplate of the cutter m comes in contact withrthe projecting iudia-rubber strips on the opposite cylinder, the sheath or face-platea' is depressrd into .the groove of the cutting-cylinder, Zand the teeth of the cutter Aenter the paper far enough to sever so'much of the piece of paper as has passed between the cutting-cylinders from the web behind it, the paper being held so firmly by the india-rubber strips u u as to prevent its being forced up into the slot, in-- stead of being cut, as might otherwise be the case. Another and very important function of the sheath or face-plate r in the cylinder carrying the male cutter, when, as in my machine, one of the cuttingcylinders performs the workof a layeroni-that is, carries the sheet of paper vforward and delivers it to the impression cylinder to be printed-is that o f pressing the loose end of the paper against 4 the large cuttingcylinder or feedfrollerE, so as to insure its being caught by the grippers as they close. This operation is exhibited in Fig. 7. As the piece of paper whichL is being unwound from the web or spool b' passes down in contact with the face of the large cuttingcylinder E, by its revolution it passes between the cutting-cylinders E and F an unbroken sheet, until the male cutter comes in contact with the female cut-ter,'as in Fig. 6. lhe pa'- per is then cut, andthe end ofthe paper from Y As the male cutting apparatus passes round after severing the sheet, the sheath-pieces r are pressed outward by the springs q q, as be fore'deseribed, and in so doing the upper one ot them presses the loose end of the sheet from the small cutting-cylinder F toward the face ofl the large cutting-cylinder E justas the grippers -h a-re closing, and thus they effectvually prevent the sheeteescaping the grippers,

as it yotherwise would'do. The grippers or curved fingers -IL in the impressioncylinders() and B, and in the large cuttingcylinder E, although they are set ,on'rods placed within the periphery of their respective cylinders, yet in opening and closing their points describe an arc of a circle outside ot' the .circumference o f the cylinders; andas these grippers It in the impression-cylinders Band C operate at the point where the peripheries of those cylinders almost touch each other, they are -not placed exactly in juxtaposition, hut each gripper a little to one side ot' the corresponding gripper -inthe other cylinder, and openings are left in each of the cylinders C and B to allow the grippers 4to pass. In the case of the large cutting-cylinder E, however, the grippers h, in the first'impressioncylinder, B, operate when exactly opposite to the femalecuttingapparatus or grooved plate tl and as it is necessarythat this grooved plate t should extend uninterruptedly across the face 0f the large cutting-cylinderE, parallel to its axis, so that Ithe paper may be cut entirely across, it is necessary to make special provision for the passage outward ot' the grippers h in the lirst impressionscylinder, B, when seizing the sheet from the large cutting-cylinder E. 'This I accomplish by making the grooved plate t in sections, as seen in Fig. 8, and inserting two sinallsections,o' o', opposite to the point where the grippers h in the first impression-cylinder are situate. These small sections o o' of the grooved plate t are attached to a rod or sha-ft, z, extending across and inside of the 4 large cutting-cylinder E, parallel to its axis, by means of short arms jij', These small-sections o' o' are a little wider than the fingers la, in the rst impression-cylinder, B, so that wllen the rodzis turned they recede and leave an opening in the face ot' the cylinder E and through the grooved plate t, to allow of thel opening and closing of the grippers hin the rst impression-cy1inder,B. The sections o o haveindiarubber pads on either side of the groove or slot,into which the cutter-bladem enters, and,

when in place, form, with the pieces t't, a continuous strip, groove, and pad. The rod a, which causes the sections o' o to recede and rise again, is operated simultaneously with the grippers h in the large cntting-cylinderE by motion communicated from the gripperh rod It, which isworked, as before stated,'by a. crank passing between cam-guides l. This simultaneous motion is effected by a cam, t', which, when the grippers in the large cutting cylinder E are thrown open..(as they always are when the paper is being severed by the cutters, see Fig. 6), presses up against a short lever, a', at' the end of the rod z, and turn it so as to force the sections o( up into place between the strips t t, but when the grippe-rs It close the cam o drops down, releases the short'leverl a'. and allows the spring c',which presses down the lever a', to turn the rod z so as to cause the sections o 'o' to recedeinto the cylinder E,.as before stated. vThe points ot' the grippers h ,in the` large impression-cyl inder rest, when closed, on the face of ,the iudia-rubber strips A'u on the face of the grooved plate t, which performs the same olrlce of giving the grippers a good hold on the paper as.

vdoes the pad in the impressioncylinder. In

case the grippers ou the cutting-cylinder E should fail to seize hold-of the paper by any accident, the-paper, instead ot' being carried to ,the rst impressioncylinder, B, will pass between the cntting-cy1inders downward and fall on the apron or blanket I, placed under the cutting-cylinders E and F, and abovcthe secf. ond typecylinder, D', and its inking apparatus, and when severed by the cutters will drop down and be out of the way. A The same thing will. occur in case of anybreak in the paper-the'serap will thus pass oli', instead of going' through and perhaps clogging up the machine. The type-cylinders D and D', which are of equal diameter and similar construction, are adapted either for movable type or stereotype-plates, or for a combination of both, as shown in thedrawiugs. (See Figs. 9 and 10.) The space or depression S in the' circumference ofthe type-cylinders occurs at the point whichwill come opposite to the grippers in the impression-cylinders -B and C, with which they revolve in rolling contact, which gives t'ree space for the grippers to pass, as they alway s project sliglitly from the 'face of the cylinder. When the sheet of paper thus severed from the roll has been carried by the first impression-cylinder, B, in frontof the rsttypcylinde1' D, and been printed in white, it'is carried round, in the direction indicated by the arrow on the cylinder B in Fig. 5until it reaches the second impression-cylinder,U, which is placed immediately belowthe first i mpression-eylinder,l3, and-veryA nearly touches it. This second-impression-cylinder is similar in construction to the first, except that it is larger, being two, three, or more times the diameter of the other, as may be desired. .The size of this second impressioncylinder determines the capacity of the machine, which will print on both sides, at each revolution of this cylinder, as many sheets as the second contains diameters of thc first impression-cylinder. In the drawings the second impressioncylinder is three times the size of the first, and is calculated to receive and print at one revolution three sheets of paper. The principal object of this increaseds'ize ofthe second inipression-cylinder is to reduce theliability .to

setoti of the ink from the printed sheet to the impression-surface ot' the cylinder, and from the cylinder back to the printed sheet. The impression-cylinders B and G are hollow, and their surface is covered with felt or other blankets in the usual way, the iirstim pressioncylinder, B, having only one blanket, and the second impression-cylinder, C, having threethat is, one for each'impressionsurface. The sheetof paper, havingbeen printed in white on the first impression-cylinder, B, by the type or stereotype-plates ofthe first type-cylinder, D, as before described, is carried round to the second impression-cylinder to receive reitera tion. There are three sets otgrippers, h, h2, h', on the second impression-@lindenC, laced at equal distances apart,and in such rela ive situation to the grippers h? on the first impresl noli-cylinder, B, that on each revolution ofthe `rst cylinder,-B, its grippers come exactly opposite to one set o'f grippers in thc-second cylinder, C, so that, 'as the cylinders Band() run in the direction indicated by the arrowinFig. 5, the gripper h2 on the cylinder B will release the sheet of paper just as the grippers h2 on the cylnderG seize hold of it. The sheet, thus held, is carried forward by the second impression-cylinder, G, as shown in Fig. 5, so as topass in contact with the second revolving typecylinder, D', which prints it on the other side. As the circumference ofthe first impression-cylinder, B, is exactly contained a certain number ot' times in the large impression-cyl, inder C, it is obvious that each sheet of paper delivered to the large cylinder G is received by a different set of grippers and lies on a different portion of the surface ofV that cylinder to its predecessor, and there-fore the blankets on thelarge cylinder are less fre.- quently used, and are less exposed to set-eti' than they would be if the two impressioncylinders were of equal size. The sheets thus printed on both sides .pass round under the large impression-cylinder, asseen in Fig. 5, .to the deliveingappar'atns at the front end of Vthe machine. 'As the sheets are held in front by the grippers and are pressed close to the second impressioncylinder by the typecylinder, and the motion ot' the impression-cylinder C is .very rapid, there is little probability of vthe' rear or loose end ot the sheet falling down; but, to prevent this, an' apron coinposed of a number of curved strips of iron, e', (see Fig.44,) is placed near to and parallel with the under side ot' the large impressioncylinder C, -which serves to guard the sheet and prevent its wrinkling as it passes underneath the second impressroncylindcr, C.

's -sa,2oo

Before describing the apparatus used for delivering and counting the printed sheets, I

will explain the construction and operation ot' the nking apparatus. Connected with each of the e type-cylinders D and D is a separato inking apparatus placed in front ot' the first type-cylinder, l), and in the rea-r of the-second type-cylinder, D'. As theseinkingapparatuses are alike in construction and similarly con nected with their respective type cylinders, a

description of one set will suiice, the lother l and the ink-distrilmting-cylinderG are two form-rollers, Il J, which have noV positive motion of their own,but revolve on their axes by rolling contact with the type-cylinder D andl ink-distribnter G. These form-rollers ink the type as the type-cylinder revolves in contact with-them. 'lhe degree of pressure ot' these rollers against the face of the type is regulated by bringing their bearings nearer together onthe standards f by screws or otherwise, and thus, pressing them more closely against the cylinders D and G. Beneath the ink-distributor is the ink-fountain K, containingthe printing-ink, and partiallv immersed therein is a' cylindrical fountain .roller or doctor, L, of the same length as the ink distributer G. A scraper, g', (see Figs. 1 and 4,) attached to the sides of the ink-fountain K, extends parallel to the ductor, in contact with it throughout its entire length, so as toscrape nii' the superfluous Vink which attaches to the. ductor as it revolves in the inkfountain. The ductor is revolvedl by means of a cord passed around a pulley, k', (see Fig. 1,) placed at the end of the shaft of the ink-dis tributing cylinder G, on the righthand side'of the machine, so as not to interfere with the earin'cr on the other side and thence around g a i a pulley, n', on a short shaft,'p', whichv carries a small pinion, i', (see Fig. 3,) gearing into a cogwheel, m', atene end of the ductor'roll'er L. Thus the motion of the ink-distributing cylinder G gives a much slower motion t0 the ductor-roller, the relative degree of which may bechanged by altering the position of the. cord on the cone-pulleys n and 1c', which have two or more grooves of different diameters. Be..

tween the ink-distributing cylinder G and ductorL is interposed atransferring ink-roller, N, whicn is a cylinder of Asmall diamternand the same length as the ductor L and distribu t ing cylinder G, andwhich has its bearings at the extremity of the short arms r' T', one 0neach side of the machine. On the right hand of the machine the arm r is bent at right angles, the center ot' motion being in the angle, y the long arm projecting upward against the face ot' the disk M and pivQted to it, as seenin Fig. 14, so as to be vibrated by the motion of `the disk M, as hereinafter explained. This transferrinsf.-roller,-N vibrates between the ink-distributing cylinder and ductor ateach revolution ot' the large im'- pression-cylinder, being in contact with .the dnctorL during about one-half ot'the revo lution, and -with the ink-distributer G during the other half-revolution,as seen in Fig. 4,

where the transferring-roller N is in one posi tion in 'the inking apparatus at one end of the lnmchineand in the other position at the other end.- 4- In order to spread the ink more finely and evenly over the surface ofthe itk-distributing cylinder` 4G, anumber of small distributingrollers, t t', are arranged.longitudinally over the upper part of the distributing cylinder, parallel to, but not touching, each other. .These small distributing-rollers have alateral play of an vinch ortwo, as well as, a revolving motion on their `axes, and are therefore not quite so ,long as the ink-distributing cylinder, so that -they may move to and fro in the direction of their axes. Theshafts of these small rollershave their journals in standards s s', projectingfroni twodisk's, M M,one at each end of thedistrihating-cylinder G. Through the centerot these disks passes the shaftof the distributingcylinder G, but the d isks do not revolve with it-one of them, M,on the left-hand side of the machine, beingiixed and station-` ary, and-the vottica-M', on the right-hand side, being loose, so as to allow ofa partial revolution on its axis. The standards s s', 81o., forming `the bearings for the journals of these small distributing-rollers, are attache-d 1o these disks M and M by screws, so that they can be;v raised or lowered to regula-te the pressurefot the rollers t t -on the distributing-cylinder G. The purposeof giving on'eofifthe disks, M on each ink-d'istributingl cylinders slightmotionon its axis is to shift the shafts .of the rollers t out of parallelism tothe' axis. of the cylinder, so as to give theni an inclination 'tirst' 'in 'one direction and then in the other, but all. the time keeping the snr-- -iace-of thclroller's t t', duc., in `contact with that of the'distributing-cylinder G, which pro- (luces -thefeiiectotcausing them to move sidewise to und fro along the ink-d-istributing-cylindem-'while theyfa-re revolving on their axes.`

This motiox'i oftheftwo disks- M on the righthand'side'of '-tlie machine, `which produces thelongitud'inalf-vibration o t the small distributing-rollers t and' transferring-roller N,

is ftectedbymeans'ot' 'the rods q( and g2, thel formerof which, g-,".is pivoted to the moving diskrM at thefro'itemlof the machine, and

the latter, g-is 'pivot'ed'to the movin g disk M',-

at the rear end of the machine, therod q? be ing cu'r-vedso as to avoid the second typecyljinder, D-. .These rcds'q'. gz'are connected at z to the free end of the leverarm T, :which is pivoted at z to the frame of the machin e.- On the lever-arm -T is a projecting pin or roller, which enters an eccentric slotted cam, V,on the axisof the. pulley aon the second impression-cylinder, C, so that. on every revolution of the cylinder C the'lever-arm T and the rods grf are moved backward and forward, and communicate their motiont'o 4the disks M' M. Around the second impression cylinder, C, therel are placed several endless tapes, u u', which pass over (but not around) a series of disks, P, on a vhorizontal shaft, fv,

placed in frontof the second impressioncylinder, C, and a little above its lowest point, and thence pass around a series of pulleys, Q, by which they are kept tightly stretched, so as to press upon the periphery of the disks P. As the printed sheets ot paper ou the second impressioncylinder, C, are outside ofthe tapes, and 'are brought round under the cylinder C to the point where the tapes leave the cylinder C and pass .over the'disks P, they are carried by tapes away from the impressioucyliuder U, over the disks', 1 and under the tapes, as seen in Fig. 5, the'cani-'gnide Z3 being so situate and adjusted as to open the gri'ppers and release thet'orward end of the sheet ot' paper just at the point where the tapesfu u leave the circumference ofthe cylinder C. Immediately in 'front of the tape-disks Pfis a horizon' tal delivering-roller, 1t,which 'has an intermitting rotary motion communicated to it by the mechanism for separa tin g' the sheets into piles, as hereinafter described. The grippers -having released the paper, andthe forward edge of it having passed onto the disks P, it is carried forward between the tapes u and disks P until the rear end drops onto the surface of the delivering-roller lt, being struck down bythe points of the fly-rods X, as' in Fig. 12. J ust ,as the ily-rods X strike down the rear end of the sheet, the curved lingers 'a2 rise up over the 4edge of the sheet helddown by the ily-rods, and, asthe iiy-rods rise immediately, the cui ved fingers fallon the sheet, holdingit down to the surface of-the delivering-roller. This operation is repeated every time the rear edge ol a sheet ot' paper comes within reachot the ends of the yrods. The intcrmitting rotatonof the delivering-roller R prevents the accumulation of sheets of paper thereon, and drops them down on the debveringtable '-Z at the-front end-of the machine, the tapes fu', whichare extended over this table, keeping the sheets smooth'- and even. The {1y-rods X' are much shorter than those ordiu'arily'used in printing-machines, and as' they are only 'required to strike down the sheets as they pass under their points, and hold them down while the curved fingers rise and fall againover the edge of the sheets, the stroke ot' the fly may be very short4 and rapid. :The 1y-rods aie rigidly attached to the horizontal tlyshaftd2, (see vFigs..11 and 12,) and are so situate that the tips ot the rods can strike the periphery of the' deliveriug-roller'rR, as .in Fig-.12," One end ofthe ily-rod shaft b2 has a short crank pivoted to a connecting-rod, c2, the upper extremity ot' whichis pivoted to an arm, d2, (see Fi g. 3,) from which projects a pin into a slotted eccentric cam, e2, attached to the extremity of the shaft of the ink-distributing cylinderG, the slotted cam e2 being` so shaped as to leave the y-rods' raised up from the deliveringroller, as seen in Fig.11, during the entire revolution ofthe ink-distributing cylinder, excepting fora moment, when they are sudden] y struck down to the position shown in Fig. 12, and then as suddenly raisedagain. The curved fingers a2 are made of steel', thei'r points being elastic and turning np slightly, so as to press on the paper and hold it tirmly without tearing it. 'They are rigidly attached to the n gershaft f2, placed horiiontally across the machine under the diskshat't n', which carries the tapedisks l", but so that the curved fingers pass from the rear of the shaft ot' the tape disks over it, and press on the delivering roller It in front of it, as seen` in Fig. 5. The curved fingers are connected with and attached to the slotted eccentric-cam e2 by a connecting-rod, g2, and arm h2, in like manner as thel ily-rods are, but-the pins lon arms d2 and h2, which unite in the slotted cam e2, are so relatively situate that the y-rods strike down just as the 'curved ling-ers rise, and rise just asthe curved lingers fall, so that during the remainder of the revolution ofthe slotted cam e'L the curved fin gers are pressed down and the ily-rods are elevated, as in Fig. 1l.- Fig. 1,2 shows the position of these parts jn'st as the rear end of a sheet of paper has left the tape disks. It is only the rear end of the-sheet of paper 'that is acted upon by the lyrods and curved fingers, and that just as it is about to leave-the machine, which is one reason why, by this apparatus, they can be delivered so rapidly. As the iiy-rods and fingers are operated once on every revolution of the inkdistributing cylinder, which revolves exactly three times as fast as the large impressioncylinder C, the three sheets printed onv every revolution of the cylinder C are thereby passed ont of the machine and piled rapidly onthe table Z. 'The delivering-table Z is placedat the front end of the machine, near the ground and under the tapes u'. It is supported at the four corners on spiral springs i2, resting onv a base board, I?. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) 'It is connected with a mechanism by which the table is shifted first to one side and then to the other, at regular. intervals, remaining at rist between each shit't, so that the printed sheets-are laid Ain piles of any required number,.each alternate pile overlapping the ed ge of the other an inch or two, as seen in Fig. 1, thus counting and separating the sheets mechanically.- The base board k2 of the delivering-table is supported by two transverse rods, jz, (see Fig. 4,) on which it slides sidewise. Attached to the frame. on a level Awith the baseboard, is a bent lever, m2., having its turning-point at u2. (SeeFig. 1.) To one arm of thislever m2 the base-board of the table Z is connected by a rodp2, and the otherarm ofthe lever m2 is connected bya rod, q", with the lower extremity -ota cam'yoke, r2. This camyohe is pvoted to the frame at s?. Inside ot' the' cam-yoke r2, and attached -to the projecting extremity of the shaft or axis V-of the 4 delivering-roller R, revolves a cam, t2, with one projection or operati ngi-point, which, when the cam completes each half-revolution, pushes the cam-yoke to one side, andV on completing the next half revolution pushes the cam-yoke back again. This alternating motion ot the cam-yoke, actingv through the lever m2, slides the base-board k2 and table Z s idewise snddenly to and fro,`with a period ot' rest between each 'sidewise motion, the length of this period 'of rest determining the number -of sheets which will be delivered on each separate pile before the. table is shifted and a new pile commenced. 0n the left side ot the machine the shaft'of' the dcliveringroller R projects beyond the fra-me A, and on it, alongside ot the cam t2, are placed4 two ratchetwheels, u2 and e2, the former of which, u2, is loose on .itsV axis and turns without revolving the shaft, while the latter, 1,12, is rigidlyl attached to its shaft and causes it to revolve 'when it is turned. Each ratchetfwhecl has ten teeth. The diameter of the loose ratchetwheel u2 is .greater Vthan that ot' the tight ratchet-wheel o, while the 4depth of teeth in each is the same, excepting that one only ot .the ratchetlteeth in the loose wheel u2 is cnt so deep as to cause the pawl m2, working in the teeth in the loose wheel, u2, and extending over the tight ratchet-wheel tz, to sink deep enough to take into whichever of the teeth' ot' the tight ratchet-wheel o may be in range therewith. Thus,'when the pawl :v2 has turned the loose ratchet-wheel u2 one complete revolution, it will have turned thetight ratchetwheel o2 one tooth, andwith it the shaft ofthe delivering roller R one-tenth ot a revolution. This contrivance is shown in Fig. 13, where it will be seen-that thepawl :c2 enters'the teeth in the ratchet-wheel u2, but does not reach the teeth in the ratchet-wbeel o2, but that at one point on the wheel u2 there is a tooth ont deeper than the rest, which allows the pawl :v2 to reach them. The arm y2 carries the pawl and is pivoted to the connecting-rod a, the other extremity of which is attached to a pin on the cog-wheel 105 on the irstink-distributing cylinder, G, so that on each revolution of the ink-distributing cylinder the connectingrod a3 and armv y2 rise and fall, causing the pawl :r2 to turn the loose ratchetwheel u2 one tooth .and as the nk-distributing cylinder re- Yolves once for each sheet printed on the machine, the ratchet-wheel uz will revolve once, and the ratchet-wheel o "will advanceonc tooth, when ten papers are printed and delivered, and the ratchet'fwheel o and canrt2 will complete a revolution-when one hundred papers are printed and delivered ;but, as the cam t2 moves the. delivering-table Z to one side on each. half-revolution which it makes, it will do so every time that fifty sheets are printed and delivered. As all the main cylinders in the machine, excepting the second impression-cylinder, C, and the feed-roller E and delivering-roller lt, niake'one complete revolution for every sheet printed anddelivered, it is obvious that a counting' apparatus maybe easily attached to-any of these wheels. `My printing-machine constructed as described, may be safely run at a speed ot six thousand revolutions per hour, and where the second impression-cylinder is three times the diameter ofthe type cylinders (as in the'drawings) will print on both sides, deliver, and count eighteen thousand sheets of newspapers or other printed matter in an hour, and this without other attention than is necessary to supply a fresh roll when tllepaperis expended, and to remove the piles of printed paper from the delivering-table, whichis an 'amount' of work with only onefeeding and delivering apparatus far exceedingr anything which has hitherto been accomplished in the history of printing machines. p n y Having thus described my improvements in letter-printing machines and the mode of carrying the same into eii'ect, what I consider to be new therein, and claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. .lhe feeding'of the paper into the printing-machine from -a continuous roll or web by means of a feed-roller revolving in contact with the paper-roll, which rests against it.

2. Hanging the shaft of the spool or axis of the roll of paper in bearings at one extremity of two arms, which are rigidly attached at their other extremity to a shaft, which is left free to turn on its axis in a fixed bearing, whereby the roll of paper is kept in an accurately horizontal position at right angles to the path of the paper through the machine.

3. lPlacing the bearings of the arms which carry the spool of paper below, but not directly under, the feed-roller, so that, being slightly inclined toward the feed-roller, the roll of paper will press with a portion only .of its 'Weight thereon, in order that the angle of inclination may be gradually increased by the diminution in size of the roll of paper as it is unwound from the spool, and thus, although its weight is continually decreasing, the relative degree of pressure on the feed-roller may be correspondingly increased, and thereby a uniform actual pressure be maintained.

'4. The use of a counterpoise so connected with the shaft and arms which carry the spool of paper as that, by adjusting the counterpoise, the degree of pressure on the feed-roller of` the roll of paper can be so regulated as to cause the paper to unwind onto the feed-roller without the roll of paper on the spool becoming loosened, as it would do were the whole or too great a proportion of the weight of a large roll of paper allowed to press upon the feedroller.

.' 5'. Combining in one the feed-roller and one feed-roller, and thereby causing it to 'carry Y the sheetsof paper directly tothe first impression-cylinder, substantially as described'.

7. Transferring the sheets of paper from a feed-roller, moving at a slower: speed, to the Aimpressioncylinder, or that device which carries the sheets forward from the cutters to the type-cylinder, moving-at a higher speed, bymeans of a pair of grippers on the feed-rollerl and on the impression-cylinder,'withoutthe use of tapes or other similar device 'for thatpurpose, and thus leaving a space between the sheets -of paper asthey pass through the nahine, without checking or intermittin'g' the ee( 8. The use of a set'of gri-ppers on one Iof 'the cutting-cylinders, which are opened and closed bya stationary cani, 'or other equivalent del vice, by-m'eansofwhich sucli cutting-cylinder also Vperforms the work of a I layer-oil ,mfseizing thc end ofthe paper before: itA islseyered from the web, and carryingitlround tothe point of contact ofsuch cutting-cylinder with the iirstimpression-cylinder,which latter takes the sheet as the` cutting-cylinder yields it up, the cutter on the male cutting-cylindersevering the paper when a sheet of sufficient length' has passed between-the cuttingeylinders.

9. The employment of a yielding sheath, consisting of two strips, placed one on each side of a serrated cutter, for the purpose of holding the paper firmly against the edges of the slot in the female cutting-cylinder while the cutter`is severing a sheet. of paper from the web, and also for the purpose of pressing the loose end of the web or uncut sheet, as it impression-cylinder, so that such scrap will Y fall away when severed from the web by the cutter without being seized by the grippers on the rst impressiomcylinder, or being'carried any farther through the machine,2thus preventing the clogging of the machine and removing a fruitful source of annoyance and delay in the operation and damage to the machine.

11. Transferring the sheet of paper after it is' printed in white immediately from the first to thesecond impression-cylinder by means of the grippers placed on the secondimpression-cylinder, which seize the sheet of paper just as the grippers on the rst impressioncylinder release it, Wit-hout the use of tapes, cylinders, or other mechanical device not c0n tained in the impressieu-cylinders for that purpose, substantially as described.

12. The use of a scrap-blanket or apron interposed .between the cutting apparatus and the type-cylinder and inking apparatus, to prevent any dust or scraps ot' paper from taliing on the type or inking cylinders.

13. The delivering;apparatus, consisting'of short iiy-rods', havingr a rapid stroke in a small are np and down, so as to strike the-rear end of theprinted sheets as Vthey pass from the machine, in combination with the curved iingers for holding the rear end of the sheets during the upstroke ofthe yrods and until their downstroke, and of a rollei to receive the stroke otl the iiy-rods and the pressure of the curvedfingers, andby an intermitting.;` rotation to pass the sheets forward when released by both fly-rods and curved fingers, or other equivalent device, byV which the paper is arrested Iat its rear end on its passage from the machine, wherebya very rapid deliveryof the sheets is effected.

14. The use of a delivering-table for thereception of the Vprinted sheets beneath and in the rear of the delivering apparatns,.which table remains stationary during the delivery of the printed sheetsmntil a certain numbersay, fifty or one hundredhave been-deposited upon it, when it suddenly moves 'an'iuch 0r two to one side, and is again stationaryiintii an equal nnmberof sheets are delivered, when it moves back Aaga-in, and so on, alternating from side to side for'the purpose of counting and separating` the sheets into piles o'f any liequired number, substantially inthe manner hereinbeforc described.

15.` Communicating au alternating lateral movement to the small ink-distributing rollers on the face ofthe large ink-distributing cylinder -by giving a simultaneous reciprocating motion to one end of their bearings, for the purpose ot' securing a more perfect and uniform distribution of the ink.

WM. BULLOCK. Witnesses:

W. BAKEWELL, J. D. HANoocx. 

